This book is dedicated to His Royal Highness Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd Bin Abdulaziz, without whose patronage there would be no Department of Physics and consequently no book devoted to helping students through the intricacies of learning this most important branch of natural science.

Many people have encouraged me in writing my recent two books Physics – Principles and Applications, and Worked-out Problems of Physics for Scientists and Engineers. Thanks are due to all of them, although I would like to single out three names:

Dr. Issa Hassan Al Ansari, University Rector of Prince Mohammed Bin Fahd University (PMU).

Dr. Nassar M. Shaikh, Vice Rector for Academic Affairs.

Dr. Mashary AlNaim, Vice Rector for Administration Affairs and Business Development.

Dr. Issa’s scholarly contribution to authorship, research and publication, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and PMU, needs more than appreciation. If it were not for his motivation and encouragement I would have never been able to write my books to help PMU students reach even higher academic standards.

I am grateful to those students at PMU who have encouraged me to prepare these books to answer their educational needs.

Last, but not least, it is my pleasure to thank the Mathematics and Natural Sciences Department at PMU, and my colleagues, both male and female, for trusting me to accomplish the work.

Saad Mohammad Razin